Bloody Mary
玛丽一世(1553~1558在位)成长于欧洲宗教改革的汹涌大潮之中,其时英国也成为天主教和新教进行殊死搏杀的场所。她的母亲凯瑟琳是一位笃信天主教的西班牙公主,而她的父亲亨利八世为了达到与她母亲离婚的目的,不惜背叛天主教,与罗马教皇决裂,并在国内扶持新教,迫害天主教徒。也许由于上述的成长...
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【整理】 血腥玛丽-1 by sylvia_qian lurker2006 感谢 fiona 苍蝇
Mary Tudor was the most hated queen in British history. During her 5-year reign, she threw all England into chaos. Mary beheaded traitors, murdered heretics and had pregnant women burned to death in the name of her religious fanaticism. The entire nation lived in fear.
Make no mistake about it, the burning of somebody at the stake is a very nasty business. It takes a long time to die. The smell of human burning fat would have been overpowering.
There were nearly 300 burnt in about 3 and half years in Mary's reign, which was actually more than the Spanish Inquisition and the French Chambre Ardente put together in the same period.
Thousands fled into hiding, and the streets of English cities were polluted with the putrid smell of burning flesh. She created such terror that she is known as Bloody Mary.
Mary Tudor was born in Greenwich in 1516. She was the only surviving child of King Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon.
The reaction to Mary's birth is one of happiness but very muted happiness really, people were not cheered up by the fact that the child that was born and lived was a daughter. Henry wanted a son to succeed him. And Mary’s arrival was seen as a second rate birth. After several miscarriages and 5 dead children, Mary’s mother Catherine of Aragon went through the menopause. Henry knew that she could never provide him with the male heir he so desperately wanted.
Henry realized that there would be no son and began asking, "well, why?" And his answer was, "well, God doesn't want me to have a son, because my marriage is wrong, my marriage doesn't exist."
England was a Catholic country, but the pope would not allow Henry to annul his marriage. Henry broke from Rome and declared himself the supreme head of the new Church of England.
In January 1533, after learning that one of his courtiers Ann Boleyn was pregnant, Henry secretly married her to avoid the risk of having a bastard son. But Ann gave birth to a girl--Mary's stepsister Elizabeth.
words:
fanaticism Fanaticism is fanatical behaviour or the quality of being fanatical. =extremism
putrid Something that is putrid has decayed and smells very unpleasant. =rotten
menopause The menopause is the time during which a woman gradually stops menstruating, usually when she is about fifty years old.
courtier Courtiers were noblemen and women who spent a lot of time at the court of a king or queen.
bastard A bastard is a person whose parents were not married to each other at the time that he or she was born. This use could cause offence.
Chambre Ardente the term for an extraordinary court of justice in France, mainly held for the trials of heretics.
[ 本帖最后由 lurker2006 于 2009-3-27 09:32 编辑 ] |