本帖最后由 lurker2006 于 2009-4-18 09:05 编辑
Bloody Mary
玛丽一世(1553~1558在位)成长于欧洲宗教改革的汹涌大潮之中,其时英国也成为天主教和新教进行殊死搏杀的场所。她的母亲凯瑟琳是一位笃信天主教的西班牙公主,而她的父亲亨利八世为了达到与她母亲离婚的目的,不惜背叛天主教,与罗马教皇决裂,并在国内扶持新教,迫害天主教徒。也许由于上述的成长...
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【整理】 血腥玛丽-8 by lurker2006
Mary's policy had a catastrophic effect, the nation united against her.
And this is a very unequal policy I think, because it falls particularly on those who can't get away into exile. So we find that the poor are suffering. Popular preachers, even the blinds, women, pregnant women are all burned at the stake.
Protestantism suddenly becomes a credible religious movement. And the rank-and-file protestants, who've been looking at, what was going to happen, they say, This is real conviction, you don't die unless you are really convinced, you certainly don't have to die in that kind of way, horrible death. And therefore you begin to get other people, prepare to go down the same road. And as soon as that begins to happen the government is trapped.
After 5 years of tyranny, Bloody Marry had become a hated monarch.
Mary is unpopular because of her marriage, because of the religious persecution, most important of all, her regime loses its credibility when she fails to have a child. It is clearly going to come to an end when she dies.
The ill health that had troubled her from childhood finally caught up with Mary. As she lay dying, her country was falling apart. A flu epidemic swept through the cities and England's last foothold in Europe, the fort of Calais was lost to the French.
Now those events are read in a providential way by protestant critics that these disasters show that God is condemning Mary for her policies.
And Mary herself, although she didn't accept that of course, was worried that she must have done something to upset God. I think she felt she'd been a failure.
Mary Tudor, Queen Mary I died in 1558, at the age of 43.
She would have died a bitterly disappointed woman, no heir, her husband had gone, the Catholic faith was at an end, protestantism would come back now.
Within months of Mary's death, her sister Queen Elizabeth I had united the nation under a protestant regime. The Church of England remains dominant to this day.
words:
foothold: 据点,立足点;稳固的基础
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