[科技前沿] 2009-12-10&12-12 神经元的生长速度有多快？

ljdsoft

How Fast Can Neurons Grow?


Repetition helps us learn new motor skills, and our brains our adept at remembering the motion long after the training period ends. However, the changes within the brain during the learning process have been unknown — until now. Watch this video to learn about new research being done on mice that reveals how the brain's neurons change and make new connections during a period of motor skill training.

 

 

 

Related Links: “Rapid Formation and Selective Stabilization of Synapses for Enduring Motor Memories,” Nature, November 29, 2009

 

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保十洁有时开心

homework
Now from the Boston museum of science sci tech today .
On sci-tech today we are learning a fact the brain, en, what a fact, how learning affact the brain at a individual synapse level and how long tern memory is encoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about this topic. Tim join us live in the boston museum of science with the latest research. Hi tim how are you. Hey Bet fine. thanks for joining us. So we are talking about learn motor skills specifically how that affects brain. What are we know about this and what we still have to learn.
Well we know quite a lot about that ,you have experience yourself when you are learning a bicycle or learning how to play a music instrument ,the more time you practice something the better you got at it. But what that is really happening is inside your brain, the neuron in brain cells are creating new connections between other cells ,strength each other. And basically made it for you to cooperate your body movement so that you not only can do this skill but also can remember this skill too.
So tell us about the latest research I understand that involve mice learning a simple task.
Yeah, it was about mice basically just learning how to grab a seed with one of their hand, instead of both which doesn’t seem like a very interesting task at all. But what truly interesting about that was that the mice were able to use throughout their lives ,normally if you want to see how a brain neuron growing you need to sacrifice an animal and to look at the brain with a microscope but you can’t really continue the experiment at that point .this study figure out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment to look at the nerve cell create new connections but also how they strength with more experienced some more tasks and trails. And also other unused brain spine and connections were promed or taken away because they just weren’t used very much. Which is something very interesting to ask. You know obviously it was easier for younger animals to do it but also good news for us as adults ,even adult mice could be able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.
So what’s specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice’s brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?
There were actually pinpoint down on the single nerve cell so to look at the very small area of the brain just the single cell and to able to see the actual projection coming off from the brain cell making new projections. Some time less than an hour this was happening which was something we didn’t realize could be that quick, we thought days maybe weeks but basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you are learning a new skill or new tasks.
So what was scientists were able to conclude from this?
Well part of it was that it was a new technique that we are able to see that this can happen. We know what happen but also to know how quickly can happen and it can happen over wide varieties of ages ,and the task itself is really not that important it just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do this task.
Tim thanks for joining us
Thank that.
And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5.30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow it’s a chemical found in clear plastic many people believe is dangerous, but a new investigation has found A is also an caned food. That is tomorrow at 9.30 on sci-tech today.

hurongqin

homework

Now from Boston museum of science, Sci-tech today on NECN.

Inside Sci-tech today we are leaning affects of the brain,what are the affects, how learning affects of the brain at an individual synapse level and how long term memory is encoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn about this topics. Tenco Jusky join us live Boston museum of science with the greatest research.

Hi, Tem ,how are you?
Hi, Bith ,and yourself? Thanks for join us, so we are talking about learning motor skills specifically how that affect the brain, what we know about this, what do we so have to learn?

Oh you know quite a lot about it, you quite experience yourself when you are learing to ride a bicycle, or leaning how to play an musical instrument, the more time you practice something the better you got at it. Woo, that’s really happening inside your brain at the neuron brain cells, are creating a new connection between other cells. Strengthen each other. And basically making You able to coordinate your body movement so that you not only can do this skill but also remember the skills too.

So tell us about the latest research, I understand it involves mice leaning a simple task.

Yeah,it was about mice basically just learning how to grab ,seize with one of their hands, then both. It does not seem like an very interesting task at all, oh, what’s truely interesting about that was that the mice were able to use throughout their limbs, normally if you want to see how brain on the growing.you need to sacrifice animal and looked at the brain in the microscope. you can really continue to experiment at that point. This study figured out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment , look at how the nerve cell create new connections but also how they strengthen them with more experience more tasks from child . and also how other unused brain’s bions and connections were proved or taken away. Beacause it’s used very much which is very interesting to us. Obviously it’s easier for younger animals to do it but also good news for us adults ,even the adultst mice could be able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.
So what’s specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice’s brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?
There were actually pinpoint down on the single nerve cell so to look at the very small area of the brain just the single cell and to able to see the actual projections coming off from the brain cell making new projections. And some time less than an hour this was happening which was something we didn’t realize could be that quick, we thought days maybe weeks but basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you are learning a new skill or new task.
So what were scientists able to conclude from this?
Well part of it was that it was a new technique that we are able to see that this can happen. We know what happens, but also to know how quickly can happen and it can happen over wide varieties of ages ,and the task itself is really not that important, it just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do this task.
Tenco Jusky thanks for joining us
Thank that.
And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5.30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow it’s a chemical found in clear plastic many people believe is dangerous, but a new investigation has found biz a is also an canned food. That is tomorrow at 9.30 on sci-tech today.

improving09

Now from the Boston Museum of Science,Sci-Tech today on NECN. In Sci-Tech today, we'll be learning the effects of the brain. What effects,, how learning affects the brain at the individual synapsis level, and how long term memory is incoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about this topics. Tem K Desky joins us live in the Bostom Museum of Science with the latest research.
Hi,Tem,how are you?
Hi,Bet. Fine,thank you.
Thanks for join us. So we are talking about learning motor skills specifically, how that affects the brain, what we've known about this and what do we still have to learn?
Oh,I know quite a lot about it.You probably experience it yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or learning to how to play a music instrument. The more time you practise something, that the better you got at it. And what that is really happening is inside your brain, the neron, the brain cells are creating new connection between other cells, strenghtening each other, and basically making it able for you to coordinate your body movements so that you not only can do this skill but also remember this skill too.
So tells us about this latest rerearch. I understand it involves mice learning a simple task.
Yes, it was about mice. Basically just learning how to grapple a seat with one of their hands or that both. It doesn't seem like very interesting task at all. What really interesting about that was that the mice were able to be used throughout their lives. Normally if you want to see how a brain neuron is under growing, you need sacrify the animal and look at the brain where the micros go,but you can't really continue the experiment at that point. This study figures about how to keep the mice alive, and look at the brain throughout the experiment. look at how the nerve cell create new connections but also how to strenghten with more experience and more task and trials. And also how other unused brain's spines or connections were pruned or taken away because it isn't used  much which is somthing that was very interesting to us. You know I thought it was easier for younger animals to do it, but also good news for us, it's adults might be able to grow new connections and these brain cells by doing these tasks.
So what specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?
They     actually 10.down hundred single nerve cells, so looking at a very small area of the brain just the single cell. And be able to see the actual projections coming off the brain cells, making new projections and sometimes are less than an hour just was happening, which was something we need to realize it could be that quick. We thought days maybe weeks, but basically within an hour, your brain is making new connections if your are learning a new skill or new task.
So what were scientist able to conclude from this?
Well partly was that it's a new techique,that we are able to see that this can happen, we know it happens but also to know how quickly it can happen. And it can happen over a wide variety of     . And the task itself is really of that important is just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do these task.
Tem Danskey thanks for joining us.
thanks about it.
And remember to join us at every Wed.night at 5:30 and every Thur.morning, coming up tomorrow it's a chemical found clear plastics, that many people believe it's dangerous but a new research has found B   A is also in canned food. It's tomorrow at 9:30 on Sci-Tech today.

This post was generated by put listening repetition system,  Check the original dictation thread!

Lifer

Now from the Boston museum of science sci tech today on NECN.
In sci-tech today we are learning affects the brain, en, what affects, how learning affects the brain at a individual synapse level and how long tern memory is encoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about this topic. Tim __ joins us live in the boston museum of science with the latest research.
- Hi Tim how are you.
-Hey Bet fine.
-Thanks for joining us. So we are talking about learning motor skills specifically how that affects brain. What are we know about this and what do we still have to learn.
-Well we know quite a lot about it ,you have experience yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or learning how to play a music instrument, the more time you practice something the better you got at it. But what that is really happening is inside your brain, the neuron, the brain cells are creating a new connection between other cells, strengthen each other. And basically made it for you to cooperate your body movement so that you not only can do this skill but also remember this skill too.
-So tell us about the latest research I understand it involves mice learning a simple task.
-Yeah, it was about mice basically just learning how to grab a seed with one of their hands, instead of both which doesn't seem like a very interesting task at all. But what truly interesting about that was that the mice were able to use throughout their lives ,normally if you want to see how a brain neuron growing you need to sacrifice an animal and look at the brain with a microscope but you can’t really continue the experiment at that point. This study figures out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment to look at the nerve cell create new connections but also how they strengthen with more experienced some more tasks and trials. And also how other unused brain spine or connections were ____ or taken away because they just weren’t used very much. Which is something very interesting to ask. You know obviously it was easier for younger animals to do it but also good news for us as adults, even adult mice could be able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.
-So what's specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice's brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?
-There were actually pinpoint down on the single nerve cell so to look at the very small area of the brain just the single cell and to able to see the actual projection coming off from the brain cell making new projections. Some time less than an hour this was happening which was something we didn’t realize could be that quick, we thought days maybe weeks but basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you are learning a new skill or new tasks.
-So what were scientists were able to conclude from this?
Well part of it was that it was a new technique that we are able to see that this can happen. We know what happen but also to know how quickly can happen and it can happen over wide varieties of ages ,and the task itself is really not that important it just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do this task.
-Tim, thanks for joining us
-Thank that.
And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5.30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow it’s a chemical found in clear plastic that many people believe is dangerous, but a new investigation has found A is also an caned food. That is tomorrow at 9.30 on sci-tech today.

10191song

Homework
Now from the Boston musesum of science, Sci-tech today, on NECN.
Inside-tech today we are learning affects of the brain, what affects how learning, affects the brain at the individual synapse level, and how long term memory is encorded to the living brain. Scientists were working to learn more about these topics, Tim C*** Joans's live from Boston museum of science with latest research.
Hi Tim, how are you? Hi B**, fine yourself. Thanks for joining us, so we are talking about learning motor skill specifically and how that affects the brain, what we know about this and what do we still have to learn. Oh I know quiet a lot about it, you probably experienced yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle, or learning how to play musical instrument. Eh the more time you practice something the better you get at it, while what that is really happening is inside your brain, the neuron, it is the brain cells are creating new connection between other cells strengthen each other. And basically making a (***) cordinate your body movements, so that you now like can do the skill, but also remember the skill too.
So tell us about this latest research I understand that it involves mice learning a simple test. Yeah, it was about mice basically just learning how to grab a seed with one of their hands, instead of both. Which doesn't seem like a very interesting task at all, but what is really interesting is about that was that the mice were able to be used through out their lives. Normally if you want to see how a brain neuron is growing, you need to sacrifice s*** and look at the brain under the microscope, but you can not really continue the experiment at that point. This study figure out how to keep the mice alive, and look at the brain through out the experiment to look at how the nerve cell create new connection, but also how to strengthen with more experiences and more tasks in trials, and also how other unused brain spine or connections were promed or taken away because they just were not using very much, which is something that was very intertesting to us. You know, obviously it is easier for younger animal to do it, but also good news for us it is adult. Even adult mice were able to grow new connections and these brain cells by doing these tests.
So what is specifically were scientists were able to see that happend and the mice brain physiologically as they were learning new tasks. There were real actually pinpoint down on the single nerve cells, so we are looking at very small area of the brain, just a single cell. And to able to see the actual projections coming off the brain cells, making new projections. And sometimes it is less than a hour, this was happening which is something we do not realize it could be that quick. We thought days, may be weeks, but basically within an hour, your brain is making new connections, if you were learning a new skill or a new task.
So, what would scientists were able to conclude from this? While, part of it was that it is a new technic, that was able to see this can happen, we know it happens, but also to how quickly it can happen. And that can happen over a wide variety ages, and the tasks itselves were not really all that important, just the brain will create very specific areas, to remember how to do these tasks.
Tim B** thanks for joining us, thanks B**. And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5:30, and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow, it is a chemical found in clear plastic that many people believes it is dangerous, but the new investigation has found B** A is also in caned foods. That's tomorrow on 9:30 on sci-tech today.

This post was generated by put listening repetition system,  Check the original dictation thread!

vicky2009

On 保十洁有时开心


Now from the Boston Museum of Science, SciTech today on NECN.

In SciTech today, we are learning facts of brain, what facts? How learning affects brain at individual synapse level and how long term memory is encoded in living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about these topics. Tim Kardatzke joins us live from Boston Museum of Science with the latest research. Hi, Tim, how are you?

Hi, Beth, fine, thank you.

Thanks for joining us. So we are talking about learning motor skills specifically how that affects brain. What do we know about this and what we still have to learn?

We know quite a lot about it. You probably experience yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or learning how to play a musical instrument. The more time you practice something the better you got at it. Well, what's really happening is inside your brain the neurons of your brain cells are creating new connections between other cells, strengthening each other and basically making you be able to cooperate your body movements, so you not only can do this skill but also remember this skill too.

So tell us about this latest research. I understand it involves mice learning simple task.

Yeah, it was about mice basically just learning how to grip a seed with one of their hands instead of both, which doesn't seem like very interesting task at all. What is really interesting about that was that mice were able to be used throughout their lives. Normally if you want to see how brain neuron growing, you need to sacrifice animal and look at their brain at microscope. You can't really continue the experiment at that point. This study figured out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment, look at how the nerve cell create new connections, but also how to strengthen with more experience and more tasks for trials, and also how other unused brain spins or connections were proved or taken away because it was not used very much, which is something very interesting to us. You know obviously it’s easier for younger animals to do it. But also good news for us is adults, even adult mice were able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.

So what specifically were scientists able to see that happened in mice brain physiologically as they were learning new tasks?

They were able to actually pinpoint down on single nerve cells. So they were looking at very small area of the brain just the single cell and to able to see the actual projections coming off the brain cells making new projections and sometimes less than an hour this was happening, which is something we didn't realize it could be that quick. We thought days maybe weeks. But basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you learn a new skill or new task.

So what were scientists able to conclude from this?

Well, part of it was that it's a new technique that we were able to see this can happen. We know it happens but also to know how quickly it can happen and can happen over wide variety of ages. And the task itself is really all that important, just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do these tasks.

Tim Kardatzke, thanks for joining us.

Thanks Beth.

And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5:30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow. It's a chemical found that clear plastic, many people believe it's dangerous, but new investigation has found Bisphenol A is also in canned foods. That's tomorrow at 9:30 on SciTech today.

幽默是船

Homework

Now from the Boston Museum of Science: Sci-Tech today on any CN. On Sci-Tech Today We are learning a fact of the brain, what is the fact how learning affect the brain at individual (signapple) level and how long term memory is encoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about these topics, TimKardaski joins us live from Boston Museum of Science about the latest research:” Hi, Tim, how are you?” ”Hi, just fine, So?” ” Thanks joining, for joining us, we are talking about learning motor skills, specifically how about affect the brain. What do we know about this and what do we still have to learn?”” well, we know quite a lot about it, you probably have experience yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or learning how to play a musical instrument, uh, the more time you practice something, the better you got at it. Well, That is really happening is inside your brain, the neurons on your brain cells are creating new connections between other cells, strengthening each other, and basically make it able to coordinate your body movement so that you not only can to do this skill, but also remember this skill too.”


“So tell us about this latest research, I understand that it involves mice learning a simple task.”” Yeah, It was about mice, basically just learning how to grab a seat with one of their hands instead of both, which doesn’t seem very interesting task at all. But what really interesting thing is about that is the mice were able to use throughout their lives, normally if you want to see how a brain neuron is growing, you need to sacrifice scenario and look at the brain neuron in a microscope you can’t really continue experiment at that point.

this study figured out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment, look at how the nerve cells created new connections, but also how to restrengthen with more experience, more task and trials, and also how other unused brain spines or connections were (proomed) or take it away because it doesn’t use very much, which is something that very interesting to us, you know, obviously it was easier for younger animals to do it, but also good news for us, the adults, even adults might be able to grow new connections and these brain cells by doing these tasks,
so what specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks.

They real actually pin point down at the single nerve cells, so looking at very small area the brain just the single cell, and able to see that actual projections coming out of brain cells, making new projections, and sometimes it is less than an hour, this was happening, which sometimes we did not realize it could be that quick without days, maybe weeks, but basically within an hour neuron brings new connections if you learn a new skill or new task.

So what we scientists able can conclude from this?
Well, part of it was that new techniques that we are able to see that this can happen, we know it happens, but also know how quickly it can happen and that it can happen over a wide variety of ages, and the task itself is really all that important just bring will to create very specific areas to remember how to do the tasks.

“TimKardaski, thanks for joining us. “
“Thanks, ”
And remember join us every Wednesday night at 5:30 and every Thursday morning. Coming up tomorrow is a chemical found in clear plastics that many people believe it is dangerous but new investigation has found this (phenal) A is also in canned foods. That is tomorrow at 9:30 at Sci-Tech Today.

zpc224

On vicky2009

Now from the Boston Museum of Science, Sci-tech today on NECN.

In Sci-tech today, we are learning affects (这里貌似有口误)the brain, what affects how learning affects the brain at the individual synapse level and how long-term memory is encoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about these topics. Tim Kardatzke joins us live from the Boston Museum of Science with the latest research. Hi, Tim, how are you?

Hi, Beth, fine, yourself?

Thanks for joining us. So we are talking about learning motor skills specifically and how that affects the brain. What do we know about this and what do we still have to learn?

We know quite a lot about it. You probably experience it yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or learning how to play a musical instrument. The more time you practice something the better you got at it. Well, what's that really happening is inside your brain the neurons, the brain cells are creating new connections between other cells, strengthening each other and basically making you able for you to coordinate your body movements, so that you not only can do the skill but also remember the skill too.

So tell us about this latest research. I understand it involves mice learning a simple task.

Yeah, it was about mice basically just learning how to grab a seed with one of their hands instead of both, which doesn't seem like very interesting task at all. But what is really interesting about that was that the mice were able to be used throughout their lives. Normally if you wanna see how our brain neuron is growing, you need to sacrifice the animal and look at their brain in the microscope. You can't really continue the experiment at that point. This study figured out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment, to look at how the nerve cell create new connections, but also how they are strengthened with more experience and more tasks for trials, and also how other unused brain spines or connections were pruned or taken away because they just don't use very much, which is something that was very interesting to us. You know obviously it’s easier for younger animals to do it. But also good news for , as adults, even adult mice were able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.

So what specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?

They were able to actually pinpoint down on a single nerve cells. So they were looking at a very small area of the brain just a single cell and to able to see the actual projections coming off of the brain cells making new projections and sometimes less than an hour this was happening, which is something we didn't realize it could be that quick. We thought days maybe weeks. But basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you are learning a new skill or new task.

So what were scientists able to conclude from this?

Well, part of it was that it's a new technique that we were able to see that this can happen. We know what happens but also to know how quickly it can happen and it can happen over a wide variety of ages. And the task itself isn't really all that important, it's just that the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do these tasks.

Tim Kardatzke, thanks for joining us.

Thanks Beth.

And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5:30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow. It's a chemical found in clear plastics that many people believe it's dangerous, but a new investigation has found bisphenol A is also in canned foods. That's tomorrow at 9:30 on Sci-tech today.

nicolelea

Homework
Now from the Boston Museum of Science, Scitech Today on NECN
And Sci tech Today we are learning effects ofthe brain, what effects how learning affects the brain at the individual *level and how long turn memory is in coded in the living brain. Scientists areworking to learn more about these topics. * joins this line from Boston Museumof Science with the latest research.
Hi,* How are you?
Hi, Beth, fine yourself.
Thanks for joining us, so we are talkingabout learning motor skills specifically in how that affects the brain. Whatare we know about these and what do we still have to learn?
Oh, we know quite a lot about it *if Iexperiment yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or leaning how toplay a musical instrument. The more times you practice something the better yougot at it. Well, what that is really happening is inside your brain the neurons,the brain cells, are creating new connections between other cells, strengtheningeach other and basically making it able to coordinate your body movements sothat you not only can do this skill but also remember the skill, too.
So tell us about this latest research, Iunderstand it involves mice learning a simple task.
Ya, it was about mice basically justlearning how to grab a seed with one of their hands at both, which doesn't seemvery interesting task at all, but what’s really interesting about that what’sthat the mice were able to use throughout their lives. Normally, if you want tosee how a brain neuron is growing, you need sacrifice the animal and look atthe brain in the microscope. You can't really continue the experiment at thatpoint. This study figure out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brainthroughout the experiment to look at how the nervous cell created newconnections but also how to restrengthen with more experience or more tasks intrails and also how other unused brain sp* or connections were provend or takein away because they just were used very much which substance now very interestingto us, you know, obviously it was easy for younger animals to do it, but alsogood news for us, that’s the adults, even the adults mice are able to grow newconnections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.

So what specifically were scientists ableto see that happened in the mice brain in physiologically as they are learningnew tasks?
They real actually pinpoint * a single nerves,so they are looking of at very small area of the brain just single cell andable to see the actual projections coming off the brain cells making newprojections and sometime it less than a hour this was happening which is somethingwe didn't realize it could be that quick, we thought days maybe weeks butbasically within a hour your brain it’s making new connections if you learninga new skill or a new task
So what were scientists able to concludefrom this?
Well, partly it was a new technique that wewere able to see that this can happen we know it happens but also to know howquickly can happen and that can happen over a wide * and the task itself *important it just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how todo this task
* Thanks for joining us.
And remember to join us every Wednesday at5:30 AM and every Thursday morning.
Coming up tomorrow it's a chemical find in clearplastic is that many believe that it dangers but a new investigation has found* A is also in a canned foods.
That tomorrow at 9:30 at Sci tech Today.

fayetian

HW
on Sci-tech today, we are learning a fax that brain, what a fax how learning, a fax that brain at the individual _level and how long term memories is in coded in brains. Scientist are working to learn more about this topic. Tim join us alive form Boston museum of science with his latest research. Hi, Tim how are you?

Hi, Bith, fine and yourself?

Thanks for join us. So we are talking about learning motors’ skills, pacifically in how that affects the brain? what so we know about this and what do we still have to learn?

We know quite a lot about it. You have experience yourself when you learning to ride a bicycle or learning a musical instrument. More time you practice on some the better you got at it. Well that’s really happening inside your brain, the nuances brain cells. They are creating new connections between other cells, shrinking each other, and basically making able to coordinating your body’s movement so you not only can do this skill, but also remember this skill.

So tell us about this latest research, I understand that involves mice learning a simple task.

Yeah, it was about mice basically learning about grab and seize to one of their hands instead of both. Well it doesn’t seems like a very interesting task at all. But what’s interesting about that was that mice were able to use thourghout their limbs, normally if you want to see how brain is on growing. You need to sacrifice animals and look at their brains in the microscope. And you can continue that experiment at that point. This study figure out how to keep the mice alive and look their brain throughout the experiment, to look at how the Neuse cells created new connections, but also how were strains there more experience some were task from trials. And also how other unused brain’s bands and connections were proved or taken away. Because it’s just used very much which is something that is very interesting to us. Obviously it’s easier for younger animals to do it but also good news for us. Adults, even the adult mice could be able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.
So what’s specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice’s brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?

There were real actually pinpoint down on the single nerve’s cell so to look at the very small area of the brain just the single cell and to able to see the actual projections coming off from the brain cell making new projections. And some time less than an hour that was happening which was something we didn’t realize could be that quick, we thought days maybe weeks but basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you are learning a new skill or new task.

So what were scientists able to conclude from these?

Well part of it was that it was a new technique that we are able to see that this can happen. We know what happens, but also to know how quickly can happen and it can happen over wide varieties of ages ,and the task itself is really all that important, it just the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do this task.

Tim thanks for joining us

Thank that.

And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5.30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow it’s a chemical found in clear plastic that many people believe is dangerous, but a new investigation has found Bisphenol A is also an canned food. That is tomorrow at 9.30 on sci-tech today.

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Now from the Boston Museum of Science, Sci-tech today on NECN.

In Sci-tech today, we are learning affects (这里貌似有口误)the brain, what affects how learning affects the brain at the individual synapse level and how long-term memory is encoded in the living brain. Scientists are working to learn more about these topics. Tim Kardatzke joins us live from the Boston Museum of Science with the latest research. Hi, Tim, how are you?

Hi, Beth, fine, yourself?

Thanks for joining us. So we are talking about learning motor skills specifically and how that affects the brain. What do we know about this and what do we still have to learn?

We know quite a lot about it. You probably experience it yourself when you are learning to ride a bicycle or learning how to play a musical instrument. The more time you practice something the better you got at it. Well, what's that really happening is inside your brain the neurons, the brain cells are creating new connections between other cells, strengthening each other and basically making you able for you to coordinate your body movements, so that you not only can do the skill but also remember the skill too.

So tell us about this latest research. I understand it involves mice learning a simple task.

Yeah, it was about mice basically just learning how to grab a seed with one of their hands instead of both, which doesn't seem like very interesting task at all. But what is really interesting about that was that the mice were able to be used throughout their lives. Normally if you wanna see how our brain neuron is growing, you need to sacrifice the animal and look at their brain in the microscope. You can't really continue the experiment at that point. This study figured out how to keep the mice alive and look at the brain throughout the experiment, to look at how the nerve cell create new connections, but also how they are strengthened with more experience and more tasks for trials, and also how other unused brain spines or connections were pruned or taken away because they just don't use very much, which is something that was very interesting to us. You know obviously it’s easier for younger animals to do it. But also good news for us , as adults, even adult mice were able to grow new connections in these brain cells by doing these tasks.

So what specifically were scientists able to see that happened in the mice brain physiologically as they are learning new tasks?

They were able to actually pinpoint down on a single nerve cells. So they were looking at a very small area of the brain just a single cell and to able to see the actual projections coming off of the brain cells making new projections and sometimes less than an hour this was happening, which is something we didn't realize it could be that quick. We thought days maybe weeks. But basically within an hour your brain is making new connections if you are learning a new skill or new task.

So what were scientists able to conclude from this?

Well, part of it was that it's a new technique that we were able to see that this can happen. We know what happens but also to know how quickly it can happen and it can happen over a wide variety of ages. And the task itself isn't really all that important, it's just that the brain will create very specific areas to remember how to do these tasks.

Tim Kardatzke, thanks for joining us.

Thanks Beth.

And remember to join us every Wednesday night at 5:30 and every Thursday morning coming up tomorrow. It's a chemical found in clear plastics that many people believe it's dangerous, but a new investigation has found bisphenol A is also in canned foods. That's tomorrow at 9:30 on Sci-tech today.