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发表于 2011-3-1 21:54
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[Homework]SENEWS-2011-03-01
This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.White rice is the world's most popular form of rice, but it goes through a milling process that we removes many nutritions. As a result, people who eat a poor diet based on white rice may not get enough vitamin A. Each year, An estimated two hundred fifty thousand to half a million children go blind from vitamin A deficiency. The World Health Organization says half of them die within a year of losing their sight. Vitamin A deficiency is a problem especially in Africa, and Southeast Asia. So scientist thought of an answer, they combined white rice with plant compounds that the body can change into vitamin A. The rice contains beta carotene, and other carotenoids, this plant colorings give the rice a golden color. The scientist also thought of a plan to give away this golden rice for free to poor farmers. But the rice is genetically engineered, they say it can not be made using traditional methods to breed plants. The scientist worked for ten years until 1919 to develop the technology to add genes to rice. Then It took nine more years to get the genes they wanted into the seed. The first field test took place in 2004 at Louisiana state university in the United States. Golden rice is currently being tested in the Philippines, it still not available for general use. C.P says rice with two added genes will be available in 2030. One gene comes from maize or corn, and the other from soil bacterium. Mr P retired from the Swiss federal institute of technology. He blames the delays on too many rules about genetically modified crops. Opponents say such crops may cause environment damage by breeding with conventional plans. Opponents also question the safety of biotech foods. Mr P says golden rice has never been shown to be unsafe for the environment or people. Many agriculture organizations support the project. But they are also critics, including researchers for the environment group green peace. Several months ago, they question whether golden rice could do much for vitamin A deficiency. They said releasing genetically modified rice in Asia could permanently change traditional rice varieties and wild ancestors of rice.
And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by J.W. For more news about rice research, go to voaspecialenglish.com. I'm B.G.
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