阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦 | Albert Einstein
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦美籍德国犹太裔,理论物理学家,世界十大杰出物理学家之一,现代物理学的开创者、集大成者和奠基人,相对论的创立者,同时也是一位著名的思想家和哲学家。爱因斯坦1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院,入瑞士国籍。1905年获苏黎世大学哲学博士学位。曾在伯尔尼专利局任职,在苏黎世工业大学、布拉格德意志担任大学教授。1913年返德国,任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所所长和柏林洪堡大学教授,并当选为普鲁士科学院院士,1921年获诺贝尔物理学奖,1933年因受纳粹政权迫害,迁居美国,任普林斯顿高级研究所教授,从事理论物理研究,1940年入美国国籍。1999年被美国《时代周刊》评选为“世纪伟人”。
In 1914, a team of American and German scientists set up camp on the shores of Russia's Black Sea. Their goal: to conduct an experiment involving one of nature's most spectacular phenomena -- a total eclipse of the sun. The results had the potential to explode 200 years of scientific conjecture, change forever the way scientists view the universe and launch the career of the most brilliant star in the scientific firmament -- Albert Einstein.
Albert Einstein`s revolutionary theory that turned the world upside down might have been dismissed but for a math mistake, a cloudy sky, and the start of World War I. This fascinating two-hour special tells the story of Einstein`s little-known, 15-year struggle to prove one of his most radical theories a theory that upended Newton and three centuries of scientific thought and called into question the definitions of space and light and gravity the game-changing concept known as the Theory of General Relativity. Today, more than a century since the Miracle Year in which he published many of his breakthrough papers, Einstein`s ideas remain a living, vibrant influence.

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They get these tables and they realize that the next total solar eclipse will occur in the Crimea, which is in Russian territory on the 21st of August, 1914.
Freundlich goes to his boss, says, look, let's go to Russia. I'm collaborating with Einstein, will you put the money up? Then he only says, no way. He just refuses. Einstein is absolutely furious.
Reaching beyond the European scientific establishment, Freundlich writes to the director of the Lick Observatory near San Jose, California, a rugged outpost of American astronomy.
It was a community living on the mountain. They all had their families. Their wives were there. Their kids were there. They were depending on each other for survival. For many years, it had the largest refracting telescope in the world.
But most importantly, it has William Wallace Campbell, a pioneer of eclipse photograhy.
In the 19th century, eclipses used to be attended by astronomers who just did visual observations.I saw this, I saw that. They would draw diagrams. And if people disagreed, it was one guy's word over another. Photography meant you can actually capture what was happening and do precise measurements. Campbell pioneered that technique in the early 20th century.
Freundlich writes a personal letter to Campbell. He says there's going to be an eclipse in 1914, why don't you come to Russia and let's do this.
So there's this wonderful correspondence between Campbell and Freundlich, the senior doyen of California astronomy and this little pipsqueak of an assistant in Berlin who's doing this against the will of his boss.
They will be the first to either confirm or to discredit Einstein's new theory of gravity.
This was an important observation. Campbell had a fever in him. He saw fantastic opportunities for Lick Observatory and for America. He says I'm gonna get this, sucker, this is a tough problem and I'm gonna be the one to crack it.
Meanwhile, opportunity is knocking on Einstein's door. His original l mentor, Max Planck, is asked by the King of Germany, Kaiser Wilhelm II to recruit the best scientists for a new institution in Berlin. Planck recommends the young man he considers his own discovery, Albert Einstein. |